Method and mechanism for making tapered shingles



' 1,643,373 Sept. 27,1927. A. L- CLAPP METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR MAKINGTAPERED SHINGLES Filed March '7. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet l 4 *76- Q j I;;izawm%w 4,226,7 2 0,29 1;

Patented Sept 27, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT L. CLAPP, OF DANVERS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE FLINTKOTECQMPANY, 015 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

METHOD AND MECHANISM FOR MAKING TAPERED SHINGLES.

Application filed March '7,

Roofing material as now commonly made from felted fibrous material, suchas rag felt saturated with waterproofing material as asphalt, with orwithout a surfacing of granular material, as crushed slate, is ofsubstantially uniform thickness. Where such material is laid inoverlapping courses it must be somewhat flexible in order to lie tightto the roof, the upper edge of each course engaging the roof foundationand then bending up and over the upper edge of the underlying course andthen flat against its upperface. In order that substantially rigidroofing elements, such for example as wood shingles, may be laid inoverlapping courses and lie'flat, it is necesv sary to form themtapering in thickness, the thin edges being uppermost and forming nosudden rises over which the units of the overlying course must pass andthen be bent down to lie flat against the upper faces of the underlyingunits. As ordinarily constructed a paper machine is incapable of formingsheet material tapered in thickness and hence heretofore it has beennecessary where roofing material is to be formed on a paper machine toform this material flexible. Flexible material, however, has thedisadvantage that the portion exposed to the weather is liable tobe bentupwardly, permitting rain to drive up under and impairing itsweather-proofing capabilities.

This invention, therefore, provides a method and machine by which astiff waterproof board, such for example, as that described and claimedin my application, Serial No. 662,225, filed Septem er 12, 1923, forshingle material and method of manufacture may be formed tapered inthickness on a wet paper machineso that it is well adapted forweatherproofing purposes and may be laid fiat down-in the same manner asordinary tapered wood shingles.

This may be done by preventing the cylinder mold from picking up pulp tobe de posited on the blanket over certain portions of its periphery,these. portions varying in circumferential extent axially across thecylinder mold. This may be done conveniently by using deckle strips orhands so as to cover those portions of the periphery of 1924. Serial No.697,488.

the cylinder mold on which it is not desired that the pulp be deposited.

For a more complete understanding of this invent on, reference may behad to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammaticside elevationof a paper machine.

Figure 2 is a plan of a portion of the blanket showing two manners inwhich the pulp may be deposited thereon from the pick up roll.

Figure is a development of a cylinder mold showing the deckle stripsfixed thereto n position to form the deposits illustrated in Figure 2.

F igures 4 and 5 are views similar to F igures 2 and 3 but showing stillanother manner of applying the deckle strips and depositing the pulp onthe blanket.'

Figure 6 IS a cross section through the mslllke up roll and thecorresponding couch r0 I Figure 7 is a view similar to-Figures 2 and 4,but illustrating still another manner in WhlCh the pulp may be depositedon the blanket.

Referring to Figure 1, 1 indicates diagrammatically the vat of a papermachine in which the usual cylinder mold 2 revolves and over which ablanket 3 passes on which the pulp picked up by the cylinder mold isdeposited, this blanket passing over the roll 4 and carrying the pulp onits upper face'to the make up roll 5 on which the pulp is wound to forma board of the desired caliper and from which it is cut and stripped toform the board. The blanket passes over the end couch roll 7 and returnsinto operative relation to the pick-up roll in the usual manner. Sincein the present instance it is desired to deposit the pulp irregularlyacross the width of the blanket, the cylinder mold is so formed thatmore pulp is picked up at certain portions thereof than at others. Thismay be accomplished by covering certain areas of the periphery of thecylinder mold so that the pulp will vnot be picked up thereon and thismay be conveniently accomplished by the use of the deckle strips whichcomprise strips of fabric or felt which are ordinarily made fast to, thecylinder mold circumferentially to determine the widthof the web of pulpwhich is to be picked up. Such deckle strips may be cut to any lengthdesired so as to cover any circumferential portion of the mold and areplaced between the usual deckle strips which extend completely aroundvthe circumference of the cylinder mold, adjacent to each end. I 1 v Inorder to form a tapered board they may be attached to the periphery ofthe mold as shown for example in the upper portion of Figure 3.Referring to this figure it will be seen that a series of deckle strips10 are arranged side b side, these strips varying in length beinggradually increasing length from the upper strip to the strip 10 andthen from the next adjacent strip being of gradually decreasing lengthto the strip 10". The pulp will then be deposited over those portionsof'the cylinder mold not covered by the deckle strips, the portion abovethe upper deckle strip 10 being deposited thereon continuously as shownthroughout the zone ofFigure 2, the pulp being deposited discontinuouslyand in gradually decreasing lengthwise extentsdown to the zone 16. Thedeposits .then graduall increase in length, being deposited for a ongerproportion of the time of each completerotation of the cylinder untilthe zone 17 is reached where thedeposit is again continuous. In-

' stead of arranging the deckle strips as-shown in the upper port-ion ofthis figure, the same result may be accomplished by arranging them asshown in the lower half of Figure 3, the same relative extents ofdeposit on the various zones being produced at each revolution of thecylinder mold but in a different pattern formation on the blanket.

In Figures4 and 5 a still different pattern formationis .shown which 'isproduced by arrangin either deckle strips or comparatively wide bands 20of similar material diagonally on the surface of. the cylinder mold,producing diagonally arranged areas 21 corres onding to the strips 20 inwhich no pulp is eposited on the blanket.

In Fi ure 7 still another pattern formation is sfiown in which theareasover which the pulp is not deposited are in the form of triangles22. In each form; however, the web of pulp has openings of predeterminedconfiguration recurring regularly therein;

The end couch roll 7 is of the usual cylindrical type of uniformdiameter over which the blanket passes without an stretching ordistortion. The make u r0 1, however, as shown-best in Figure 6 isformed tapering corresponding. to theamount of material deposited on theblanket transversely thereof.

' While the pattern formations of Figures 2 and 3 tend to roducedeposits-of pul on the cylinder mold varying in thickness by definiteincrements the pressure exerted on the make n roll is sufiicient torender this unnoticea le in the product. The pattern fornesses andtransversely thereof to form.

shingle elements which are tapered in thickness from end to end.

Having thus described certain embodiments of this invention it should beevident to those skilled in the art that many changes and modificationsmight be made therein' without departing from its spirit or scope asdefined by the appended claims.

I claim: 1. The method of forming a fiberboard of variable thickness,which comprises picking up fibrous pulp on a cylinder mold havingportions 0 y of its surface capable of receivin the pu p winding up thepulp so picke up on a make up rol cutting the wound pulp axiall of themake-up roll and removing it there 0m.

2. The method of forming a fiberboard of variable thickness, whichcomprises icking up fibrous pulp on a cylinder mold avmg portions of itscircumference variable 1n extent axiall prevent the pu p from beingpicked up thereon, winding u the pulp so formed on a make up rollcutting the wound pulp axially of t e make-up roll and removing ittherefrom.

3. The method of forming a fiberboard of variable thickness, up fibrousIpulp on a cylinder mold having portions 0 its circumference variable inextent axially of said mold formed to prevent the pulp from being pickedup. thereon, depositing-the pulp so icked up in a non-continuous layeron a b anket, winding up the pulp from the blanket on a make up rollcutting the wound'pulp' axiall of the make-up roll and removing it thererom.

4. The method of forming a fiberboard of variable thickness, whichcomprises picking up fibrous pulp on a cylinder mold having portions ofits circumference variable in extent axially of said mold formed toprevent the pulp from being picked up thereon, de-

positing the pulp so icked up in a non-continuous layer on a b anket,and winding u the pulp from the blanket on a make up r0 1 having thediameterof its riphery variable axiall to corres ond; w1th the amount ofpulp to deposited thereon.

which comprises picking of said mold formed to.

III

posited in such zones differing from zone to zone, whereby the portionsof the board formed from the zones in which the time of deposit islonger are thicker than those portions formed from the zones in whichthe time of de osit is shorter. 6. A cy inder mold for paper machineshaving portions of its area between the usual deckle strip surfaced toprevent pulp from being picked up thereon, said portions being ofprogressively variable length circumferentially of the roll axiallythereof.

7. A cylinder mold for paper machines having deckle strips made fastthereto side by side between its end margins, said strips covering areasof progressively variable length circumferentially of the roll arrangedaxially thereof.

8. A cylinder mold having a series of deckle strips made fast theretoside by side and extending circumfor paper machines ferentially thereof,said strips being of progressively variable lengthlaterally of theseries. a

9. A cylinder mold for paper machines having a series of deckle stripsmade fast thereto side by side and extending circumferentially thereof,said stri s being of pro- .gressivelydvariable length aterally of theseries and each of less length than the circumference of the roll.

10. The method of forming a fiberboard of variable thickness, whichcomprises forming a web of ulp having openings of predetermined conguration recurring re larly therein, winding the web on a ma eup roll,cutting the wound pulp axially of the roll, and removing it therefrom.

11. The method of forming a fiberboard of tapered thickness. whichcomprises forming a web of 'pulp having openings therein ofprogressively variable width recurring regularly therein, winding theweb on a make-up roll, cutting the wound pulp axially of theroll, andremoving it therefrom. In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature.7

' ALBERT L. CLAPP.

